Manager below
When the manager provides less framing than the person wants, a complex assignment starts with grey areas around expectations, context or key contacts. Research on starting a new job shows why this moment matters: a meta-analysis of 70 samples of newcomers links role clarity, alongside confidence in one's abilities and acceptance by the group, to later satisfaction, commitment and performance [1]. In another meta-analysis, role ambiguity is more strongly associated with lower performance than most of the other work stressors studied [2]. These studies concern joining an organisation rather than each new assignment; they shed light on the mechanism without having measured it in this exact situation. The same meta-analysis also shows that the newcomer's own information seeking contributes to adjustment [1]. In practice, asking at kick-off who the key contacts are, which issues need watching and what a finished piece of work will look like narrows the gap without waiting for the manager to change their approach. The issue is getting started, not any supposed inability to work independently.